Policy Papers

History & Policy papers are written by expert historians, based on peer-reviewed research. They offer historical insights into current policy issues ranging from Afghanistan and Iraq, climate change and internet surveillance to family dynamics, alcohol consumption and health reforms. For historians interested in submitting a paper, please see the editorial guidelines.

Currently, 252 papers are freely searchable by theme, author or keyword, with new papers published regularly. Where possible, we publish papers to coincide with relevant policy developments. If you are a policy maker, civil society practitioner or journalist and would like to contact one of our historians, please contact [email protected].

You can download H&P policy papers directly from the Apple iBooks store to your iPhone, iPad or Mac. We also have an Amazon Kindle version to download to your PC for transfer to your Kindle via USB cable. Please consult your Kindle manual for further details.


Doctors in Whitehall: medical advisers at the 60th anniversary of the NHS

Sally Sheard
May 2008

Sally Sheard's History & Policy paper on Doctors in Whitehall was discussed in Society Guardian.

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Regulating UK supermarkets: an oral-history perspective

Jane Hamlett, Andrew Alexander, Adrian Bailey, Gareth Shaw
April 2008

Introduction The possible tightening of regulation of supermarket retailing through competition legislation and town planning has become a prominent issue for policy makers and communities. In the past five years, the debate has intensified. The growth of large supermarkets is seen by some to have led to the decay of the high street and has […]

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Social housing and tenant participation

Peter Shapely
March 2008

Peter Shapely's new History & Policy paper on Social Housing and Tenant Participation shows that tenants must be involved in planning social housing, if the problems of the past are not to be repeated.

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Genocide: twentieth-century warnings for the twenty-first century

Lisa Pine
January 2008

Introduction Raphael Lemkin (1900-1959), a Polish-Jewish jurist, coined the term genocide in his book Axis Rule in Occupied Europe (1944). He believed that each national, religious and racial group had a mission to fulfil and a cultural contribution to make to mankind. He defined genocide as 'the destruction of a nation or of an ethnic […]

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The prime minister as world statesman

David Reynolds
January 2008

Introduction 'It is not easy to see how matters could be worsened by a parley at the summit.' Winston Churchill coined the term 'summit' in February 1950, during the dark days of the Cold War, but the practice of summitry is much older. Indeed it might seem to be almost immemorial, rooted in some form […]

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A necessary complexity: history and public-management reform

Tony Cutler
December 2007

Introduction With the resignation of Tony Blair, in June 2007, there has been a spate of commentary on the 'New Labour' legacy. This paper is concerned with a facet of this legacy, New Labour's commitment to 'New Public Management' (henceforth NPM) in the 'reform' of public-sector services. The manifestations of NPM are so ubiquitous that […]

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History and national identity: why they should remain divorced

Stefan Berger
December 2007

Introduction Gordon Brown has regularly spoken about the importance of Britishness. In this the former-Chancellor and now Prime Minister has reflected a general concern of the government, which last year ordered a review on how British history could be inserted into the citizenship curriculum in schools so as to strengthen notions of national identity and […]

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Facing the challenge of climate change: energy efficiency and energy consumption

Paul Warde
October 2007

Paul Warde of the University of East Anglia says that restricting energy use is the only way to tackle climate change. In an analysis of four centuries of energy consumption, he warns that over-reliance on energy efficiency will not curb carbon emissions.

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Hitting Northern Rock bottom: lessons from nineteenth-century British banking

Edmund Rogers
October 2007

Introduction In the summer of 2007, global investors began to have doubts about the safety of their investment in the American sub-prime mortgage market – mortgages made to people with less than good chances of paying off their loans. The world financial markets were sent into turmoil as investors became wary, and unwilling to provide […]

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Trade unions and the law – history and a way forward?

James G. Moher
September 2007

Introduction The question which Labour ministers must ponder, if they are to restore good relations with the trade unions at the same time as sidelining the continuing real influence of the 'hard left' in union councils, is whether unions are forever to be seen as bodies to be tightly controlled by government regulation. Are unions […]

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H&P is based at the Institute of Historical Research, Senate House, University of London.

We are the only project in the UK providing access to an international network of more than 500 historians with a broad range of expertise. H&P offers a range of resources for historians, policy makers and journalists.